B02 - THE SUBDUCTED TETHYS IN THE AOSTA VALLEY (ITALIAN WESTERN ALPS)
S. Martin,  G. Godard & G. Rebay
This three-day excursion across the Aosta Valley will present the Piedmont ophiolites (Zermatt-Saas Unit: serpentinites, metagabbros, metabasalts, Mn-rich quartzites, hydrothermal sulphide deposits, metasediments) metamorphosed in the eclogite facies during the Alpine subduction. First, we will cross the Tethys Ocean suture from Europe (Mont Rose) to Adria (Sesia Lanzo and Matterhorn). Then, we will visit some of the most classical outcrops and environments of Alpine geology in the NW Alps: the Saint Marcel Fe-Cu hydrothermal sulphide deposits, the famous Praborna Mn mine, exploited since the 15th century, the Cignana coesite locality and the Valtournanche metagabbros. Attention will focus on the eclogitized ophiolites and hydrothermal oceanic deposits where the high-pressure Alpine metamorphism developed unique mineral assemblages. New data on different geological and historical aspects will be presented.

B04 - Cr-PGE MINERALIZATION, PETROLOGY AND TECTONICS OF THE ALLOCHTHONOUS COMPLEXES OF NW SPAIN AND PORTUGAL
R. Lunar, R. Capote, B.G. Izquierdo, S. Monterrubio, T. Moreno, W. Gibbons, H. Prichard, J. Ignacio, G. Ibarguchi, B. Ábalos, P. Puelles, J.F.S. Zalduegui, C. Meireles, E. Pereira, P.G. Castro, A.A.R. Ribeiro, J.F. Santos & J.M.U. Munhá
The North-Western Iberian Peninsula has an internationally recognized reputation from a petrological, tectonic and mineralogical point of view. The main objectives of this field trip will be: 1) to visit the site of a recently described new type of Cr mineralization with exceptionally high PGE contents, and 2) to analyze and discuss the petrological, geochemical and tectonic processes that produced it. The geological setting of this area represents a unique example of stacked thrusts of varied nature, including what has recently been interpreted as the root of a volcanic arc. In this area it is possible to observe the mantle-crust contact (involving a layered complex with dunites and pyroxenites), fragments of lower crust (of granulite grade), one of the best preserved eclogitic nappes in the world and several ophiolitic slices, all of them emplaced over the Gondwana continental margin during the Variscan orogeny. The field trip will start and finish in Santiago de Compostela (Galicia), the end of the famous Camino de Santiago pilgrim route, with numerous Romanesque churches and important Celtic and Roman archeological ruins.

B05 - THE PALEOZOIC BASEMENT THROUGH THE 500 MA HISTORY OF THE NORTHERN APENNINES
E. Pandeli, F.A. Decandia & M. Tongiorgi
Tuscany represents a unique area, in which the Paleozoic basement and the overlying mostly siliciclastic syn-rift sediments (Verrucano Auctt.) crop out along the whole Apennine Chain. Both of these successions, from continental to marine sedimentary sequences and volcanics, record a series of different events during a long geological time: Eo-Caledonian (Middle Ordovician) tectonics, the Variscan orogenic events (Early-Middle Carboniferous), post-Variscan extension (Late Carboniferous-Early Permian and Alpine rifting (Late Permian-Triassic). In Oligocene times they also experienced polyphase Alpine tectono-metamorphism.
This field trip will visit the Paleozoic-Carnian type-successions of the Apuan Alps, Mts. Pisani, Iano, Monticiano-Roccastrada Ridge and the Argentario Promontory. The itinerary will pass through typical Tuscan landscapes (the Versilia coast, lower Arno Valley, Chianti and Siena hills, Maremma) and famous art-filled towns (Pisa and Siena).

B06 - GEODIVERSITY IN THE LANDSCAPE OF EMILIA-ROMAGNA (NORTHERN ITALY): GEOSITES IN  THE APENNINES BETWEEN MODENA AND REGGIO EMILIA
P. Coratza, G. Tosatti, S. Piacente & M. Pellegrini
This field trip is intended for geomorphologists and geologists with an interest in the conservation and improvement of geological assets (Geosites). This topic will be treated extensively in the field with reference to some of the most relevant examples of geosites that make up the landscape of the Apennine mountains in the diverse, unique provinces of Modena and Reggio Emilia.
In particular, geological assets such as mud volcanoes up to 5 m high renowned as "Salse di Nirano", spectacular cliff-like outcrops of reddish colored ophiolites and the "Pietra di Bismantova", a rock slab geosite, will be visited and presented in a multidisciplinary and cultural perspective. Participants in this field trip will be shown the geological and geomorphological origins and significance of some important geosites. Attention will also be given to all the cultural aspects related to the vicinity of the geosites (the history of the castles and watch-towers built on them, the cultural and economic framework of the geosites, some well-known literary citations, etc). This will provide participants with a feeling for the kind of multidisciplinary approach to the topic, which is believed essential for a proper evaluation of cultural heritages of geological nature and of the relationship between cultural and natural heritages.

B07 - QUATERNARY EUSTATIC FLUCTUATIONS AND BIOCHRONOLOGY OF VERTEBRATE-BEARING DEPOSITS CORRELATED WITH MARINE TERRACES IN SICILY
V. Agnesi, L. Bonfiglio, C. Ciurcina, C. Conoscenti, C. Di Maggio, C. Di Patti, G. Mangano, F. Masini, M. Pavia, D. Petruso & U. Spigo
In Sicily a vast paleontological heritage of Pleistocene endemic terrestrial vertebrates is preserved in several caves. Variations in paleogeography caused by tectonics and glacial and eustatic marine cycles have controlled the processes and timing of Pleistocene vertebrate faunal dispersal in Sicily. In recent years new data have given significant contributions to the knowledge of both taphonomic and stratigraphic conditions of the Pleistocene mammal-bearing deposits. Correlation with marine deposits allowed the construction of a fairly detailed biochronological framework. This field trip will illustrate the paleontological and geomorphological evidence of variations in the paleogeography of the island. The Late Pleistocene deposits in the St. Teodoro caves and the remains of thousands of the endemic hippo Hippopotamus pentlandi in the excavation trenches within a lacustrine deposit will be seen at Acquedolci (North-Eastern Sicily). Some mammal-bearing deposits correlated with marine terraces in Eastern and in Western Sicily will be illustrated.

B08 - LARGE SCALE GRAVITATIONAL PHENOMENA IN SOUTHERN-CENTRAL ITALY: GEOMORPHOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK,TRIGGERING FACTORS,TEMPORAL EVOLUTION,AND IMPACT ON HUMAN SETTLEMENTS
F. Dramis, A. Prestininzi, G. Fubelli, M. Del Prete, B. Gentili, F.M. Guadagno, P. Sacconi, M.-G. Angeli, F. Bozzano, C. Cencetti, P. Conversini, B. Gentili, G. Pambianchi, F. Pontoni, G. Scarascia Mugnozza & P. Tacconi
This field trip will focus on large-scale landslides and deep-seated gravitational slope deformations greatly affecting urban settlements. A number of towns on unstable ground in Southern-Central Italy (Ferrandina, Pisticci, Craco Sarno, Bisaccia, Calitri, Roccamontepiano, Pescosansonesco, Montelparo, Ancona, Orvieto, Civita di Bagnoregio) will be visited. All the gravitational phenomena will be examined in a geological-geomorphological context, with special reference to predisposing and triggering factors, historical record of past activity phases, and disruptive effects on buildings. The trip will also include several points of general interest, among which: a visit to the archeological area of Pompei, a boat tour along the Adriatic coast between Ancona and Numana, and a stop at the Dunarobba petrified forest (Umbria).

B10 - ACTIVE TECTONICS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN SECTOR OF THE IBERIAN PENINSULA (EAST SPAIN)
P. Silva, P. Alfaro, E. Masana, J.J. Martínez Díaz, T. Bardají, A. Estévez, J.L. Goy, P. Santanach, C. Zazo & K.R. Reicherter
This field trip will examine the Eastern Betic Shear Zone (SE Spain) and the Catalan Coastal Ranges (NE Spain).
Neotectonics, tectonic geomorphology and paleoseismicity will be the main topics. The trip will start in Almería, where coastal tectonics related to late Pleistocene marine deposits and landforms will be examined. Sites to be visited deal with Quaternary deformation and paleoseismic features related to the activity of low slip-rate faults in an area with low to moderate instrumental seismicity, but affected by significant (catastrophic) historical and/or pre-historical earthquakes.
Some of the selected sites have been the subject of recent fault-trenching analysis. The participants will have a chance to observe tectonic features and landforms linked to reverse, normal and strike-slip faulting, as well as much stratigraphic evidence of past earthquakes.

B12 - GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE ROMANIAN CARPATHIANS
M.Sandulescu & R.Dimitrescu
This is a general interest field trip which will allow the examination of  the geological structure of the Romanian Carpathians, a twice bent folded chain.
Precambrian and Paleozoic formations, Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary turbiditic (flysch) and/or carbonate formations, alpine ophiolites, pre-alpine and alpine intrusive rocks and Neogene volcanics will be shown. In addition the outer and the inner large and complex overthrust units will be crossed. Paleogeographic and paleotectonic models will be discussed.
The historical provinces which will be crossed are: Moldavia, Transylvania, Oltenia and Banat. Of important historical interest are the North Moldavian painted monasteries, the Transylvanian Medieval fortified churches and castles, as well as modern art (Brancussi sculptures).

B13 - THE ROLE OF OLISTOSTROMES AND ARGILLE SCAGLIOSE IN THE STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION OF THE NORTHERN APENNINES
G.A. Pini, C.C. Lucente, D.S. Cowan, C.M. De Libero, F. Dellisanti, A. Landuzzi, A. Negri, F. Tateo, M. Del Castello, M.  Morrone & L. Cantelli
Highly disrupted and chaotic rock units with a block-in-matrix fabric are one of the most intriguing geological features of the Apennines. This field trip will address the internal structures, fabric and composition of some of the more classic examples in the Northern Apennines. Some of these units, the classic olistostromes, are sedimentary bodies from submarine avalanches and flows of debris, which collapsed from the front of the paleo-Apenninic accretionary wedge into the Oligocene and Miocene foredeeps. The "argille scagliose" of the Ligurian nappe, previously considered chaotic assemblages, have been recently subdivided into mappable bodies of strongly deformed stratigraphic successions (tectonosomes) and olistostromes.
The stratal disruption in these bodies is related to gravity mass movements, shallow-level tectonic deformation and mud diapirism. The internal structures, composition and distribution of tectonosomes and olistostromes reflect some features of the paleo-Apenninic accretionary wedge and related foredeeps and can therefore help to reconstruct the paleogeographic and structural evolution of the Apenninic chain.

B14 - ALPINE THERMAL GEOLOGY THERMAL WATER UTILIZATION IN SOUTHERN CARINTHIA (AUSTRIAN -ITALIAN BORDER)
W.  Kollmann, F.W.  Marsch & H.  Zojer
In the high Alpine regions (> 1,000 m above sea level) the occurrence of thermal springs (> 30 degrees centigrade) is a unique curiosity. Temperature and discharge have been improved using shallow drilling (< 200 m depth). This became possible due to an evaluation of a model-like geological setting. Typically, one finds a sandwich-like geo-structure (e.g. Mesozoic dolomite between basal crystalline basement and overburden schists). This sandwich was built by tectonic nappe transport and is cut by several faults which form the slip on path for deeper thermal water, running from a 1,400 m deep reservoir (calculated by geothermometry).

B15 - THE GEOLOGICAL CIRCUIT OF THE FOUR STRUCTURAL DOMAINS: THE RIF, THE MESETA, THE ATLASES,AND THE ANTI-ATLAS
B. Tadili, L. Ait Brahim, A. Chalouan, H. El Hadi, B. Fedan & A. Tahiri
This geological circuit will cover multi-disciplinary aspects (Stratigraphy, Paleontology, Petrography and Tectonics-Geodynamics) and cross great structural domains that record the Panafrican, Precambrian and Alpine (Atlasic and Rifain) Orogenies. The structural domains are as follows: the Anti-Atlas and African Craton with the ophiolitic complex and the Panafrican Orogeny around 685 MA associated with the closing of an ocean and a continental collision (folds, overlapping, magmatic rocks, etc.), the Mesetian domain with the Shoul block that records the Caledonian compression in Morocco, and the Hercynian Orogeny also recorded in the Western part of Europe (folds, overlapping, magmatic rocks, etc.), the Atlasic Domain with intracontinental chains of high and Middle Atlas with rocks dating from Triassic to current, Mesozoic deformation syn and post-rifting, and the elevation of the Neogene relief (folds, faults, slopes, etc.) with the Toubkal mount which culminates at 4,167m, and finally the Rifian Domain, a part of the Mediterranean Alpine chain made up of Paleozoic tectonic and metamorphic nappes (gneiss, kinzigites, etc.) and of ultra-basic rocks (peridotites, etc).

B16 - WESTERN PYRENEES FOLD-AND-THRUST-BELT:GEODYNAMICS, SEDIMENTATION AND PLATE BOUNDARY RECONSTRUCTION FROM RIFTING TO INVERSION
R. Bourrouilh, L. Moen-Maurel, J. Muñoz & A. Teixell
Extending from Southern France to Northern Spain, this field trip aims to illustrate the evolution of the suture zone between the Iberian and the European plates from the opening of the Bay of Biscay and associated rift basins to the inversion of the suture zone creating the Pyrenean Fold and-Thrust (FTB) mountain chain. Both the south-verging peripheral foreland basin and the hinterland retro-basin will be investigated. Two North-South transects will be examined, as well as a strike route along the thrust fronts, showing spectacular outcrops of the rift, foredeep and molasse sections and folded series (Western Pyrenees, Mallos de Riglos, Ordesa National Park, Jaca and Ainsa basins). Special interest will be devoted to rift and foreland basin sedimentation and tectonics, in relation to petroleum geology.

B17- THE PERIADRIATIC INTRUSION OF VEDRETTE DI RIES - RIESERFERNER (EASTERN ALPS): PETROLOGY, EMPLACEMENT MECHANISMS AND CONTACT AUREOLE
B. Cesare, A.M. Fioretti & Rosenberg
This field trip will present the results of recent investigations on the Oligocene pluton of Vedrette di Ries (Rieserferner). Located in a beautiful alpine environment, the Vedrette di Ries is the largest Periadriatic intrusion in the Eastern Alps. In the last decade, this pluton has been the subject of multidisciplinary studies which have characterized, on a geochemical, geochronological and structural basis, its multi-stage magmatic history. Research on the structural geology, anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility, geochronology, and metamorphism of the country rocks has constrained the P-T-t regime of intrusion, and the relationships between pluton emplacement and regional deformation. This field trip will group specialists in the various disciplines related to pluton formation and emplacement, presenting them with an integrated picture of the main petrologic, geochemical, structural and metamorphic features at Vedrette di Ries. Participants will also enjoy the natural attractions and cultural richness of this unique part of Italy.

B18 - SKARN DEPOSITS IN SOUTHERN TUSCANY AND ELBA ISLAND (CENTRAL ITALY)
M. Benvenuti, M. Boni  & L. Meinert
The skarn deposits of Central Italy are world-famous for the study of metasomatic processes and also as the type locality for many rare and beautiful minerals, such as ilvaite. This two-day field trip will examine outcrop and mine exposures near Valle del Temperino (Southern Tuscany), and Rio Marina and Capo Calamita (Elba island). These areas are also of great historical interest due to many early Etruscan settlements. Visits are planned to archeological sites near Baratti.

B19 - THE RECORD OF MESSINIAN EVENTS IN THE NORTHERN APENNINES FOREDEEP BASINS
M. Roveri, A. Landuzzi, M.A. Bassetti, S. Lugli, V. Manzi, F. Ricci Lucchi & G.B. Vai
This field trip deals with the dramatic paleoenviromental changes related to the "Messinian salinity crisis" as recorded by the sedimentary successions of the Northern Apennines. The Romagna Apennines offer a unique opportunity to compare extensive successions developed in different structural and depositional settings, with relevant implications on a Mediterranean scale. The specific topics that will be dealt with during the field trip include the following: the onset of the salinity crisis; the facies characters of the primary evaporites; the resedimented gypsum facies, and their genetic relationships with primary evaporites; the diagenetic transformations of primary and resedimented evaporites; the facies characters and paleoenvironmental meaning of the post-evaporitic siliciclastic deposits; the origin and nature of the pervasive high-frequency cyclicity recorded by Messinian deposits; the role of climate and tectonics in controlling facies development and time-space distribution of the Messinian successions.

B21 - ULTRAHIGH AND HIGH PRESSURE ROCKS OF SAXONY
H.-J. Massonne & H.-J. Bautsch
The topic of this excursion is the wide variety of high-pressure and especially ultra-high-pressure rocks in Saxony. These rocks occur in both Variscan crystalline massifs of the Erzgebirge and the Granulitgebirge at the North Western edge of the Bohemian Massif. The excursion group will visit several of the abundant bodies of relatively fresh eclogite, garnet peridotite, garnet pyroxenite and spectacular diamondiferous quartzofeldspathic rocks. The country rocks are a further aim of the field trip. Several types of felsic and basic high-pressure (HP) granulites will be visited in the Granulitgebirge (the type locality of granulites). HP gneisses, HP pegmatites, marbles and skarns will be presented in the Erzgebirge. Participants will certainly also enjoy the historic mining town of Freiberg.

B22 - PALEOZOIC OROGENIES IN THE FRENCH MASSIF CENTRAL A CROSS SECTION FROM BÈZIERS TO LYON
M. Faure, P. Ledru, J. M. Lardeaux & P. Matte
The French Massif Central is one of the largest areas exposing pre-Permian rocks deformed and metamorphosed during the Paleozoic tectono-thermal events responsible for the formation of the basement of Middle Europe. This field trip, from Montpellier to Lyon, along a reference cross-section will allow participants to get a general overview of the stack of nappes which form the Southern branch of the Hercynian belt, from unmetamorphosed kilometer-scale recumbent folds to high-grade metamorphic rocks and up to UHP eclogites and granulites. Current hotly debated points on the evolution of the Paleozoic Variscan-Hercynian Belt will be discussed. Namely: mono-orogenic vs poly-orogenic evolution, exhumation of HP/UHP metamorphic rocks, tectonic significance of orogen-oblique NW-SE trending lineations, timing and modalities of switching from compression to extension, relationships between magmatism and tectonics.

B24 - LATE QUATERNARY EVOLUTION OF THE PO PLAIN FROM SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE DATA: A TRAVERSE FROM THE APENNINES TO THE ADRIATIC SEA
A. Amorosi, U. Cibin, P. Severi, M. Stefani, G. Gabbianelli, U. Simeoni & S. Vincenzi
This excursion will focus on the sequence-stratigraphic architecture and on G.I.S.-assisted geological mapping of late Quaternary continental and marine sediments in the South-Eastern portion of the Apennine Foredeep (Po Basin, Emilia- Romagna Region, Northern Italy). The trip will be aimed at an understanding of the dramatic environmental evolution leading from the last glacial climax to the present-day temperate, strongly anthropogenic conditions. The sedimentary bodies and the erosional terraces visible in the piedmont belt are evidence of the evolution from the cold-climate Würmian depositional systems to the modern anthropogenic environments, while the outcropping and subsurface sediments from the Po Delta area record the coeval, widespread eustatic-driven transpression, followed by a large highstand progradation, taking place over the last 5,000 yrs and recording further high frequency paleoclimatic fluctuations.

B26 - NEOTECTONIC TRANSECT MOESIA-APULIA
I. Mariolakos, I. Zagorchev, I. Fountoulis & M. Ivanov
This field trip aims at demonstrating basic features of the neotectonic structure and deformation along a transect from the Moesian to the Apulian platform, through the mountain chains of the Balkanides and Hellenides. The trip will give a comprehensive idea about the Alpine geodynamics of the Balkan Peninsula, and largely coincides with Transect II of the TRANSMED Project. Emphasis will also be placed on seismic and geotechnical hazards, the geological heritage and its conservation, and on the archeological, cultural and historic heritage and geomythology. The field trip will include important natural, cultural and historic monuments such as the Vrachanski Balkan, Rila and Pirin national parks, the Rila Monastery, numerous ancient and medieval towns and monuments (Plovdiv, Hisar, Melnik,Thessaloniki, Vergina, Ioannina), the monastic rock complex of Meteora, and many others.

B28 - THE NEAPOLITAN ACTIVE VOLCANOES (VESUVIO,CAMPI FLEGREI,ISCHIA): SCIENCE AND IMPACT ON HUMAN LIFE
G. Orsi, S. de Vita, M.A. Di Vito, R. Isaia, D. Andronico, R. Avino, R. Brown, S. Caliro, G. Chiodini, R. Cioni, L. Civetta, M. D'Antonio, F. Dell'Erba, P. Fulignati, D. Granieri, L. Gurioli, P. Marianelli, R. Santacroce, A. Sbrana & R. Sulpizio
This field trip will be devoted to illustrating the volcanic and deformational history of the active Neapolitan volcanoes (Somma-Vesuvio, Campi Flegrei, Ischia), and the evolution and present state of their magmatic feeder systems. The trip will provide the opportunity to visit various types of volcanoes such as stratovolcano (Somma-Vesuvio) and caldera (Campi Flegrei, Ischia). Sedimentological, textural and structural features of the rocks as well as the petrological signature of the erupted magmas will be presented and discussed in order to explain the characteristics of the eruptions and their relationship with magma withdrawal dynamics. All three active volcanoes have erupted in historical times and have deeply influenced the life of the inhabitants of the regions. Therefore the trip will also include reviewing archeological, historical and artistic testimonies of such a relationship. The Pompeii and Herculaneum excavations are known worldwide. Other aspects on which we will focus are volcanic hazards and risk, and mitigation actions for volcanic crisis preparedness and management.

B29 - THERMO -MECHANICAL EVOLUTION OF THE ALPINE BELT, FROM THE ENGADINE WINDOW TO THE MATTERHORN
G. Gosso, M. Engi, F. Koller, J.M. Lardeaux, R. Oberhaensli & M.I. Spalla
A seven-day field trip over tectonic cross sections (Eastern and Central Alps) fanning across the Alpine belt, with a few high-altitude hiking days, with easier alternatives available as well. Included, along-the-way during the trip will be a half-day field workshop, focused on structural, metamorphic and geochronologic methods of exploiting the full tectonothermal record of crustal orogenic rocks in order to reach consistent interpretations of lithosphere behaviour and geodynamics. The trip is of general interest for viewing the huge imbricate structures of the continental and oceanic crusts in the Pennine mega-suture zone, and of specific interest for the outcrop-scale study of the structural and thermal memory of polymetamorphic tectonites from celebrated Alpine sites. The full range of continental and oceanic protoliths and of their tectonometamorphic derivatives generated during alpine subduction and collision will be thoroughly examined in order to consider how consolidated tectonic blocks and units evolved according to modern interpretations. The excursion crosses numerous sites of historical interest with regard to the civilization of the Alpine area in the recent millenia.

B30 - THE NEOGENE THRUST-TOP BASINS IN CENTRAL SICILY AND THE NEOGENE VOLCANISM OF THE NORTHERN MONTI IBLEI IN SOUTH-EASTERN SICILY
R.W.H. Butler, M. Grasso & R. Maniscalco
During the first and second day of this field excursion we will examine the tectonic and climatic signals in active sedimentary basins. We will concentrate on the interactions between deposition, base-level variations and deformation as recorded by late Miocene to Quaternary sediments that accumulated across, and adjacent to active thrust structures. The field trip follows a transect through the Maghrebian structures of central Sicily and will be of interest to a wide range of sedimentologists and structural geologists together with paleoclimatologists - paleoenvironmentalists interested in the Neogene record in the Mediterranean.
The third and fourth days will focus on the volcanic, geochemical and geodynamic evolution of the Northern Iblean Plateau (Southeast Sicily) from the Miocene to the present. Emphasis will be on:

• Systematic chemical evolution from early nephelinites through voluminous tholeiites to late alkali basalts and nephelinites;
• Contrasting emplacement mechanisms: subaerial, land-to sea transition, deeper water volcanism;
• Large variety of pyroclastic and hydroclastic deposits, submarine volcanic delta and debris flow deposits.

B31 - CADOMIAN OROGENIC IMPRINTS IN THE BOHEMIAN MASSIF (AUSTRIA,THE CZECH REPUBLIC AND GERMANY)
G. Zulauf, J. Fiala, F.Finger & U.Linnemann
During the past decade it has widely been accepted that the Avalonian-Cadomian belt results from Neoproterozoic to early Paleozoic Andean-type orogeny, that was active at the northern margin of Gondwana. This belt fell into microplates that collided with Laurentia or Baltica during the Caledonian/Variscan cycle. Central and southwestern Europe consists of these peri-Gondwanan microplates, and several attempts have been made to reconstruct the Neoproterozoic-Early Paleozoic distribution of them with respect to the West African and Amazonian Cratons. However, as robust paleomagnetic and other quantitative data are largely lacking, these reconstructions are still speculative and need further confirmation.
This field trip through the Bohemian Massif will show unique outcrops where Neoproterozoic to early Paleozoic (Cadomian) orogenic imprints are well documented. Participants will find rocks of both the Avalonia and Armorica microplates, the geodynamic evolution and plate-tectonic reconstruction of which will be discussed. Of particular interest is the center of the Bohemian Massif (Tepla-Barrandian unit) where tilted crustal sections are indicated by striking metamorphic isograds (biotite, garnet, staurolite, kyanite). Along these sections Cadomian deformation, metamorphism, and igneous activity can be studied at different structural levels, the latter ranging from the upper to the lower crust.

B32 - EXHUMATION OF HIGH-PRESSURE METAMORPHIC ROCKS WITHIN AN ACTIVE CONVERGENT MARGIN, CRETE,GREECE:  A FIELD GUIDE
J.M. Rahl, C. Fassoulas & M.T. Brandon
This field trip will focus on the exhumation of high-pressure metamorphic rocks exposed in central and western Crete, Greece. Excellent exposures of Miocene high-pressure rocks will provide an opportunity to discuss how erosion, brittle deformation, and ductile deformation contribute to exhumation within the convergent wedge overlying the Hellenic subduction zone.  In addition to the deformed basement rocks, the trip will focus on normal faulting and the development of syntectonic sedimentary deposits. Furthermore, the trip will examine the tectonic geomorphology associated with the ongoing deformation in Crete, including active fault scarps and the rapid incision of several spectacular gorges. The trip will also include a hike through the Samaria Gorge, which will provide beautiful mountain scenery, excellent exposures of the high-pressure rocks, and an opportunity to discuss the relationship between tectonic uplift and river incision.

B33 - THE CONTROL OF THE MESOZOIC PALEOMARGIN ARCHITECTURE ON THE PLIOCENE ROGENIC SYSTEM OF THE CENTRAL APENNINES
F. Calamita, M. Di Vincenzo, V. Scisciani, E. Tavarnelli, & M. Viandante
The outer zones of the Central Apennines of Italy represent, due to good outcrop continuity and high vertical relief, a well exposed foreland fold-and-thrust belt. Salient geometries of the thrust fronts represent a peculiar feature of the chain. These appear controlled by the distribution of Mesozoic carbonate platforms and pelagic basins differentiated during Triassic-Jurassic Tethyan rifting. The stratigraphic section, and the relationships between tectonics and sedimentation are well documented in the numerous foredeep and thrust-top basins, developed in response to the eastward migration of the Neogene thrust fronts. The proposed field trip will focus on the main geological and structural characteristics of the Central Apennines, and will show the role played by pre-thrusting normal faults of Mesozoic and Miocene ages, produced as a consequence of rifting and foreland flexure respectively, during the subsequent evolution of the fold-and-thrust belt.